The processes of physiological resorption begin following tooth extraction. These lead to the formation of bone defects in the alveolar bone. Such conditions can compromise the patient’s implantological or prosthetic rehabilitation, so we use alveolar preservation techniques to prevent later complications. After an atraumatic extraction, it is preferable to employ alveolar preservation techniques, aiming to reduce the resorptive changes in the alveolar ridge. The materials used are referred to as regenerative materials, which are divided into: bone replacement materials, membranes, and additional regenerative materials such as Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) and Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs). Based on the clinical situation (state and shape of the bone defect) and the characteristics of regenerative materials (both biological and mechanical), one material or a combination of several materials may be used. By applying the alveolar preservation technique, upon completion of bone defect healing, an optimal shape of the alveolar ridge with associated soft tissue is created. This provides the basis for subsequent successful prosthetic or implant-prosthetic therapy.