The drugs most often prescribed in pediatric dentistry are antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, and analgesics. The most commonly prescribed antibiotic for the treatment of odontogenic infections is amoxicillin in pediatric patients who are not allergic to penicillins. In case of resistance caused by beta-lactamases, clavulanic acid is added to the therapy. Patients with penicillin allergy are most often prescribed clindamycin, cephalosporins or macrolide antibiotics. Among other antibiotics, metronidazole is used as an addition for the treatment of infections where the anaerobic spectrum of microorganisms is suspected and for periodontal infections, and doxycycline, which is used only as an additional therapy for permanent tooth avulsion. The most commonly used antiviral drug in dental medicine is acyclovir. It can be used topically or systemically to treat infections caused by the herpes simplex virus. Due to its mechanism of action, it is effective only during active infection, preferably in the prodromal phase. Topical nystatin and miconazole are most commonly used antifungals to treat fungal infections. Miconazole is more effective in the treatment of fungal infections, and in addition to the antifungal spectrum, it also acts on staphylococci, but due to its effect on hepatic CYP450 enzymes, numerous interactions with other drugs are possible. The most commonly used analgesics in children are ibuprofen and paracetamol. Paracetamol is considered the safest analgesic for children, but, unlike ibuprofen, it does not have an anti-inflammatory effect. The negative side of ibuprofen is many unwanted side effects due to the inhibition of COX enzymes, which are essential for maintaining the physiological function of numerous organ systems. Multimodal use of both drugs shows excellent pain control with a lower risk of adverse reactions and taking excessive doses.