Objective To compare the frequency of apical periodontitis (AP) in non-endodontically treated teeth restored with full coverage crowns, amalgam and resin composite fillings, and to disclose the association of type and quality of coronal restoration with periapical disease. Materials and methods The cross-sectional study involved 597 subjects who attended the Dental Clinic of the Clinical Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia for the first time. Data were collected by means of a clinical and radiological survey. For all permanently restored non-endodontically treated teeth following data were recorded: type, quality of coronal restoration according to clinical and radiographic criteria for marginal integrity and recurrent caries presence, periapical status and marginal bone loss. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the difference in periapical status regarding the type and quality of restoration. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the effect of explanatory tooth-specific variables on periapical status. Results There was no significant difference in the proportion of AP with regards to the type and material of adequate quality coronal restorations (χ2=5.000, P=0.082 ). Regression analysis revealed significant positive associations with outcome variable (AP) for crowns (OR=3.39 ; P<0.001), recurrent caries (OR=4.67 ; P<0.001) and premolar teeth (OR=1.73 ; P=0.002). Conclusion If the quality of restorations is adequate there is no difference in the periapical status of non-endodontically treated teeth regarding the type and material of coronal restoration.